English 1

Writing Fiction

Character Types

Fictional characters should be divided into Major and Minor Characters, depending on how important they are for the plot. A good indicator as to whether a character is major or minor is the amount of time and dialogue he or she is given. As a rule of thumb, major characters usually have much to say and appear frequently throughout the story while minor characters have less dialogue or appear randomly.  Stories usually have one or more major (also main) characters and any number of minor characters. 

The main character, especially when there is only one, is also called the protagonist.  The protagonist is the character who dominates the narrative.  The term protagonist has the advantage that it implies no value-judgment and can include heroes or heroines (i.e. positive main characters) as well as anti-heroes and anti-heroines (i.e. negative main characters).  In some narratives, the protagonist has an influential enemy, the antagonist.  

Minor characters often remain one-dimensional and/or static. This means that the story presents only few or even just one characteristic of such characters (mono-dimensional) and that there is little or no development throughout the narrative (static).   An important function of minor characters is to serve as foil-characters. A foil is a piece of shiny metal put under gemstones to increase their brightness. A foil character thus provides a contrast to highlight the features of the main character.  Another function of a minor character can be that of confidant, i.e. a close friend of the protagonist to whom he or she can confide in and thus disclose his or her innermost thoughts.

Other terms to know and use:

dynamic character: This is a character that fundamentally changes his or her personality or view of life by the end of the story.

round character: A life-like, three dimensional character. This character is believable enough to have actually lived.

static character:  This character has the same personality traits at the beginning and end of the story.

flat character: This character has only one or two sides of a personality.